Knowing Your Options With IUDs
When we asked about the topics you’re most interested in on our Instagram a few weeks ago, IUDs was one of the first suggestions! And we’re not surprised, intrauterine devices (IUDs) is a topic that comes up often within my group of girlfriends. It’s maybe the most effective form of birth control out there (99% effective) and it can last for several years without having to remember to take a daily pill or other regular maintenance.
As with any form of birth control, there is a lot to consider to know whether or not an IUD is the right choice for you. From your lifestyle, to what you need from birth control, existing health conditions and what side effects you’re willing to endure. We’re covering that here at a high level, but also encourage you to speak with your doctor about the options!
Whatever it is, the way you tell your story online can make all the difference.
Hormones or no?
There are two types of IUDs to choose from (brand names aside) and that choice ultimately comes down to the question of hormones. Copper IUDs are non-hormonal, while most other IUD brands use progestin to help prevent pregnancy and control your period. This is important to know, especially if you have any hormone sensitivities or just don’t like dealing with the side effects of hormones.
How do IUDs work?
I enjoyed learning about this, because to be honest, the idea that a T-shaped piece of plastic could prevent pregnancy was mind blowing to me.
The different types of IUDs alter your body to prevent pregnancy. The hormonal IUDs work by thinning the lining of your uterus (making it harder for an egg to implant) and thickening your cervical mucus making it more difficult for sperm to reach your uterus in the first place.
Copper IUDs cause a reaction within your uterus which leads to inflammation and makes your uterus toxic to both sperm and eggs - preventing fertilization (who knew?!)
IUDs and side effects
Now that the basics are out of the way, if you’re considering an IUD, you’ll want to research the side effects. Really you should do this before putting anything into your body for a prolonged period of time.
The main side effect with copper IUDs can be the opposite in that they can cause your period to become heavier and more painful, which may not be a great option if you already have heavy and/or painful periods.
Hormonal IUDs generally help reduce cramping, make periods lighter (and maybe even stop), while also treating symptoms from endometriosis or PCOS. You may also experience spotting in between or some irregularity in your periods. And then there’s the side effects that come with hormones which can include changes in your mood and more.
With both, the side effects typically last about 3-6 months as your body adjusts to the IUD.
Are there any other risks?
Planned Parenthood notes that serious risks with IUDs are rare, but you still want to be informed. Here’s some other things to consider with regard to IUDs:
They may slip out or get dislodged, which can increase your risk of pregnancy
IUDs can push through your uterine wall, which will require surgery to remove
If you get pregnant with the IUD in you’re at an increased risk for an ectopic pregnancy
It’s also generally advised that you don’t use a menstrual cup with an IUD as it can mess with the placement, but if this is your preferred method when you’re menstruating, you’ll need to speak with your doctor and make sure you’re checking the IUD strings regularly.
As with any birth control you should evaluate your needs, any side effects, and risks along with speaking with your OB/GYN about the options best for you! We’ll be diving into many of the different types of birth control, benefits, and risks over the next several weeks!
And if you want to know more about different IUD options, Mayo Clinic has a great breakdown of the hormonal IUD brands and copper IUDs.